This equation calculates the lifetime cancer risk based on adjustment of the cancer slope factor for each carcinogen with the observed amounts of toxins measured in smokeless tobacco products and average consumption of the products: Equation 3: Estimated lifetime cancer risk of smokeless nicotine products Where ELCR i is the estimated lifetime cancer risk of the ith product, C i,j is the concentration of the jth toxin in the ith product, IR i,j is the intake rate of the jth toxin in the ith product, AB i,j is the absorption rate of the jth toxin in the ith product, EF i,j is the exposure frequency of the jth toxin in the ith product, ED i,j is the exposure duration of the jth toxin in the ith product, BW is the body weight of the average user, AT is the averaging time of use and CSF j is the cancer slope factor of the jth toxin
According to the manufacturer, up to 300 to 700 puffs are possible, which corresponds to around 50 tobacco cigarettes
10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02254-5 26 De SilvaT
The Honus Wagner cigarette card, Babe Ruth smoking the cigar, and Tony Gwynn with a cheek full of dip remain iconic images of baseball